(a) Every Senator shall be present within the Senate chamber during sessions of the Senate unless duly excused, or necessarily prevented from attendance. No members shall be excused without the consent of the President.
(b) Any Senator rising to speak in debate or to present any matter, shall, before proceeding, first address the President and be recognized. If two or more Senators rise at the same time, the President shall name the Senator who is to speak first. No Senator shall speak longer than one hour at any one time without the consent of the Senate. A Senator shall confine any remarks made to the question under debate and avoid personalities.
(c) Any Senator may call for a statement of the question. No Senator shall in any manner interrupt the business of the Senate while the President is putting the question or while journals, bills, or other papers are being read, nor when any Senator is speaking, except to raise a question of order, or, with the consent obtained through the chair of the speaking Senator to make a personal explanation or propound an inquiry.
(d) (1) If any Senator, in speaking or otherwise, transgresses the rules of the Senate, the President shall, or any member may, call the Senator to order, in which case the Senator shall immediately sit down, and shall not speak, except in explanation, until the question of order shall have been decided.
(2) If any Senator is called to order for words spoken in debate, the person calling such member to order shall repeat the words excepted to, and they shall be reduced to writing by the secretary; but no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to censure of the Senate therefor if further debate or other business has intervened after the words spoken and before exception to them shall have been made.
(e) Any Senator shall have the right to protest or remonstrate against any action of the Senate, and such protest or remonstrance, with the reasons therefor, if reduced to writing, shall without alteration or delay be, with the consent of the Senate, entered in the journal if the protest or remonstrance is not personal in its nature.